P2P是近年来网络研究领域的热点。当前P2P网络的研究多集中在文件共享的应用，其检索机制只支持基于关键词的查询，缺乏对语义检索的支持。本文将语义网技术和P2P的优点结合起来，建立P2P网络的语义检索机制。通过建立基于本体概念的分布式倒排索引，使检索过程不再是关键词的精确匹配，而是通过不同节点本体中的概念之间的语义关系的逻辑推理实现检索请求与文档在语义上的匹配。实验表明，本文提出的结构化P2P网络语义检索方法，比基于关键词精确匹配的检索方法有较高的查全率和查准率。

In recent years, the P2P network is one of the hot research fields. The related works of P2P mainly focus on fileshared applications. It only supports the retrieval of the query based on keywords, and  lacks the support for semantic search. In this paper, a P2Pbased semantic retrieval system is presented. By using a distributed inverted index based semantic network, retrieval is based on theontology located at different nodes rather than keywords. The experiments show that the P2Pbased semantic retrieval system has higher performance compared with the retrieval based on keywords.