Abstract:

There are significant differences between wire networks and MANETs. MANETs have nodes with high mobility , limited bandwidth resources, and variable topology. Therefore, there is a need for new routing protocols, which solves all these drawbacks. Most routing protocols for MANETs do not take fairness  into account. They tend to have a heavy burden on the hosts along the shortest path from a source to a destination. As a result, heavily loaded hosts ma y deplete power energy quickly, which will lead to network disconnections and failure of application sessions. There have been some methods of multipath routing to solve the question. In this paper, the progress of the multipath routing technique is surveyed, and various routing protocols are described  and evaluated, which cover most types of multipath routing protocols, and then provide a comparison and discussion of their respective merits and drawba cks. Finally, the future research directions are outlined.

Key words: Ad Hoc, backup multipath, parallel/distribution multipath, QoS