The agentbased modeling and simulation method is fit for effectiveness evaluation of the responsive space system of systems(RSSoS), because it can reflect the mutual relationships among the components of RSSoS. After the effectiveness measurement of RSSoS is established, the multiagent architecture and the agent model architecture are put forward according to the architecture of RSSoS. Aiming at acquiring the values of the effectiveness measurement of RSSoS, the agent models are built. With AnyLogic, the agent models are simulated and the effectiveness measurement values are got. Through the sensitivity analysis of the simulation results, the key factors which affect the effectiveness measurement are found.