With the development of integrated circuit technology, the performance of the interconnection network in highperformance computing systems is increasing much slower than the performance of the processor. The bandwidth of interconnection network has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the performance improvement of highperformance computing. From the point of view of reducing the amount of data injected into the network, the realtime compression technology for network communication is studied. A hardware realtime compression engine RTCE is designed, which can automatically compress the packets during their transmission. Experiments on SPEC2006, Graph500 and CFD show that the compressed network packet data are reduced by 32.8%~48.7% on average.