Abstract: In recent years, in order to solve the problem of limited energy of sensor nodes, energyharvesting wireless sensor network has become a research hotspot. Aiming at the shortcomings such as limited capacity, charging/discharging loss, and energy leakage of batteries in sensor nodes, a harvestusestore structure with nonideal batteries is proposed. A mathematical model is established by combining three aspects of routing, link scheduling and energy allocation. The shortest frame is obtained by solving the mix integer linear equation. The simulation results show that, the frame length is decreased by up to 48% with the charging/discharging efficiency increased from 0.6 to 0.9. When the energy leakage ratio is reduced from 0.04 to 0.01, the frame length is reduced by up to 33%. Expanding battery capacity has little effect on the frame length. In contrast to harveststorageuse structure, the frame length of harvestusestore structure is decreased by up to 11%. It is verified that the proposed method improves the network throughput greatly by improving the charging/discharging efficiency and reducing the energy leakage rate. 

Key words: energy harvesting wireless sensor network, link scheduling, nonideal battery, harvestusestore