Abstract: Based on memory protection key hardware extensions, a lightweight and fine-grained page protection mechanism is proposed. This mechanism overcomes the technical limitations of traditional page protection methods that only support page-grained memory access monitoring, and achieves fine-grained page protection that can intercept each memory access operation. By fully utilizing the user-level thread-local page access permission control provided by memory protection keys, the performance overhead is reduced by more than 30% compared to traditional page protection. Through the integration of fine-grained page protection and compiler instrumentation, the limitations of traditional compiler instrumentation methods that cannot cover non-recompilable portions of programs are addressed.

Key words: memory access monitoring, memory protection keys, page protection, compiler instrumentation