Abstract:

Quantum algorithms and physical implementations are two basic problems in the research of quantum computers.First,we summarize the major progress in the relative areas,and discuss some representative examples of quantum algorithms,especially the one for solving systems of linear equations.The impact factors on proposing new quantum algorithms are also analyzed.Then,the DiVincenzo criteria are discussed, alone with some typical practical implementations and their performance comparison.Additionally,the viewpoints from the enemy camp about quantum computers are also concerned.Finally,we investigate some new research directions.

Key words: quantum computer;quantum algorithm;quantum bit(qubit);ion well;quantum random walking;Majorana Fermion;topological quantum computer