Abstract: Program instrumentation technique encompasses both dynamic technique and static technique,primarily employed for dynamic analysis during program execution.It is widely applied in areas such as vulnerability discovery,defect detection,performance analysis and optimization,serving as a key method for collecting program execution paths and analyzing function calls.In embedded systems,traditional instrumentation methods often face challenges due to constraints such as the absence of an operating system,complex architecture,and limited memory.This paper focuses on static instrumentation algorithms,addressing the instrumentation requirements in embedded system debugging scenarios.In addition to introducing the fundamental principles of program instrumentation and systematically analyzing current typical instrumentation methods,we designed and implemented Dbtrace,an instrumentation tool based on FT-X DSP tracing.Furthermore,to address the overhead issue,we comprehensively measured the execution time overhead and code expansion rate of different instrumentation schemes,comparing them with an uninstrumented program.Experimental results demonstrate that Dbtrace can effectively track and record program execution traces information while reducing memory usage and instrumentation overhead,providing an efficient solution for instrumentation debugging in embedded systems.

Key words: embedded system, digital signal processor, static instrumentation, function call, tracing